Stephen Hawking: Black holes and the history of time

Stephen Hawking, British theoretical physicist, is known for his attempts to combine general relativity with quantum theory and for his contributions wholly related to cosmology. Hawking has a privileged brain, like few others.

Stephen William Hawking was born on January 8, 1942 in Oxford, England. His parents’ house was in North London, but during the Second World War it was considered that Oxford was a safer place to have children. When he was eight years old, his family moved to St Albans, a town about 20 miles north of London.

Stephen Hawking

At eleven Stephen went to the St Albans School, and then to the University College in Oxford, his father’s old school. Stephen wanted to do Mathematics, even though his father would have preferred Medicine. As Mathematics could not be studied in the University College, he chose Physics instead. After three years and not much work he was awarded the first class title with honors in Natural Sciences.

Stephen then went to Cambrigde to investigate in Cosmology. After winning the PhD in Philosophy he became a researcher, and later Professor in the Colleges of Gonville and Caius. After leaving the Institute of Astronomy in 1973, he entered the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, and since 1979 he holds the position of Professor Lucasiano de Matemáticas, occupied years ago by Isaac Newton.

Stephen Hawking has worked on the basic laws that govern the universe. Together with Roger Penrose, he showed that Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity implies that space and time must have a beginning in the Big Bang and an end in black holes. Such results point to the need to unify General Relativity with Quantum Theory, the other great scientific development of the first half of the 20th century.

Stephen Hawking, black holes

One consequence of such unification was that the black holes were not entirely black, but could emit radiation and eventually evaporate and disappear. Another conjecture is that the universe has no borders or limits in imaginary time. This would imply that the way the universe began is completely determined by the laws of science.

Later he refined this concept considering all these theories as secondary attempts to describe a reality, in which concepts such as singularity have no meaning and where space and time form a closed surface without borders. He has written History of Time: from the Big Bang to black holes (1988) and other works that have become bestsellers. Hawking has made important contributions to science while fighting against amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, an incurable disease of the nervous system. In 1989 he was awarded the Prince of Asturias Award for Concord.

Stephen Hawking without gravity

Professor Hawking has twelve honorary doctorates, has won the CBE in 1982 and was appointed Honorary Fellow in 1989. He is the recipient of numerous awards, prizes and medals and is an Honorary Member of the Royal Society and the US National Academy of Sciences . Stephen Hawking combines family life and his research in theoretical physics, along with an extensive travel and conference program.

Hawking has also made a series of predictions about the dangers that could end with Humanity: artificial intelligence, human aggression and … the aliens!

In the words of the scientist, ” If the aliens ever visit us, I think the result would be like when Christopher Columbus landed for the first time in America, which did not turn out well for the natives .” The British scientist believes that extraterrestrial civilizations would reach Earth to conquer or colonize it.

Stephen Hawking at home

Endowed with a fine irony, his theories and affirmations have been almost always surprising and often misunderstood. In one of his last appearances he affirmed that ” what existed before the Big Bang was, basically, nothing “. That is, nothing that could have existed before has something to do with what came later. Therefore, it can not be contemplated in any theory. At the time of that great explosion, the universe was a singularity, where all the laws of physics would cease to apply.

Professor Stephen Hawking, the physicist who revolutionized science and our understanding of the Universe, died at his home in Cambridge on March 14, 2018, at 76 years of age.


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